Simple Graphics
Simple graphics typically
involve drawing basic shapes, lines, and colors on a canvas. In Python, the
`turtle` module is often used for educational purposes, allowing users to
create simple graphics with a turtle that moves around a canvas.
### Example using Turtle:
```python
import turtle
# Create a turtle
my_turtle = turtle.Turtle()
# Draw a square
for _ in range(4):
my_turtle.forward(100)
my_turtle.left(90)
# Close the turtle graphics
window when clicked
turtle.done()
This code creates a square using
the `turtle` module. It moves the turtle forward and turns left in a loop to
create each side of the square.
## Image Processing and
Manipulation:
Image processing involves
applying various techniques to modify and enhance images. In Python, the `PIL`
(Python Imaging Library) module is commonly used for basic image processing.
The `PIL` module has been succeeded by `Pillow`, which is a fork of the original
library.
### Installing Pillow:
```bash
pip install Pillow
```
### Example using Pillow:
```python
from PIL import Image,
ImageFilter
# Open an image file
image =
Image.open("example.jpg")
# Display the image
image.show()
# Convert the image to grayscale
gray_image =
image.convert("L")
# Apply a blur filter
blurred_image =
gray_image.filter(ImageFilter.BLUR)
# Save the modified image
blurred_image.save("blurred_example.jpg")
# Display the modified image
blurred_image.show()
```
In this example:
- We open an image file using
`Image.open`.
- Convert the image to grayscale
using `convert`.
- Apply a blur filter using
`filter`.
- Save the modified image using
`save`.
- Display the modified image
using `show`.
## Further Image Processing
Techniques:### 1. Resizing:
- Change the size of an image.
```python
resized_image = image.resize((width,
height))
```
### 2. Rotating:
- Rotate an image by a specified angle.
```python
rotated_image = image.rotate(angle)
```### 3. Cropping:**
- Extract a region from an image.
```python
cropped_image = image.crop((left, top,
right, bottom))
```
### 4. Filtering:
- Apply various filters for effects.
```python
filtered_image =
image.filter(ImageFilter.FILTER_NAME)
```
### 5. Drawing on Images:
- Add text or draw shapes on an image.
```python
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
draw.text((x, y), "Hello, World!",
fill=color, font=font)
```
### 6. Image Enhancements:
- Adjust brightness, contrast, and other
enhancements.
```python
enhanced_image =
ImageEnhance.Contrast(image).enhance(factor)
```
These are just a few examples of
what you can do with image processing and manipulation in Python using the
`Pillow` library. For more advanced tasks, you might explore computer vision
libraries like OpenCV.
-SHUBHAM KUMAR LABH
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